Abortion and Euthanasia Essay Example Essay Example

Abortion and Euthanasia Essay Example Paper Abortion and Euthanasia Essay Introduction Over the years, these two words have caused much conflict when dealing with moral issues. Some Christians believe all life is sacred so it should be God’s choice when people should die, and no one else’s. On the matters of abortion and euthanasia, some Christians feel it is the mother’s right to choose while on the other hand some believe there are no circumstances for it.AbortionWhen dealing with this delicate matter, it raises the point, ‘When Does Life Begin?’. Through research, I found this: ‘just as there is a continuum between the acorn and the oak, there is a continuum between me and what I was at conception. The big argument is at what stage in this continuum we become persons’. This is an important statement, as it brings our attention to the fact the foetus is actually a person, and we are brought up to believe ‘it is wrong to kill’. The Roman Catholic Church believes we become persons at conception, but I don†™t believe this should stop abortion from taking place, as in my opinion, it is the mother’s right to choose, at any time, in any circumstance. Many would disagree with me.A Christian viewpoint of this would be that it is wrong, but some Christians would make exceptions. This shows that views do differ from religious groups, and a different group, Roman Catholics, do not accept abortion is right under any circumstance, and believe that there should be no legal right to abortion. The view that abortion should be banned starts from the belief that no one should take the life of an innocent person, whatever their conscience tells them. Some Christians would agree with me, that life begins at the moment of conception. They believe that when the sperm and egg come together a unique being is formed with its own genetic make up.Supporters of abortion argue that the foetus does not become a person until it is capable of independent life, which is be somewhere between twenty and twe nty four weeks after conception. The argument for this is that its soul is there from the beginning but over the years, Christians’ viewpoints have changed. Although irrelevant now, in the Middle Ages it was thought that the moment when God breathed life into a child was when it began to move in the womb. This theory is very understandable due to their lack of technology that long ago.Other Christians argue that whether or not the foetus is a person is irrelevant, as it is a potential person, so we should therefore value its potential. To these people whatever the argument, abortion is about killing.The two main views of abortion are: ‘A woman’s right to choose’ (pro abortion view) and ‘the right to life’ (anti abortion view). For most Christians there is the difficult question of what to do when the mother’s life is in danger. Clearly, one cannot neglect the mother, so these Christians, who value life, believe the attempt should be to save both.The common question about ‘if the child is going to be disabled, then abortion is just’ is combated by the Christian viewpoint that everyone has a part to play in God’s plan, therefore no one should be killed.One of the worst problems is rape. It is very unjust that a woman should have a child to a rapist. Some Christians still wouldn’t change their views, as they would believe two wrongs don’t make a right, however, others would so the decision would be split.Some arguments in favor of abortion:A woman should have the right to choose what happens to her body: This coincides with independence rights.If it becomes more difficult to get legalised abortions, there would be an increase in the number of illegal abortions: Back street abortioning can be dangerous, and why provoke people to break the law.It is wrong to bring unwanted children into the world. They may be neglected and become problems in society: This is straightforward and althoug h one should not judge a person by their background, in some cases this can be true.When pregnancy is the result of rape, the woman should not be forced to continue with the pregnancy: This again coincides with independence rights, and the possibility of neglect through resentment towards the child.Abortion is not murder as it only destroys a collection of cells, which cannot survive outside the womb before the twenty-fourth week of pregnancy: This overlaps with the issue ‘When does life begin’, and depending on what Church she belonged to, or her thoughts on the matter, it is in the mother’s hands on what she makes of this.A woman who is risking dying should be allowed to abort.(Abortion Reform Group)Some arguments against abortion:The unborn child is alive from the moment of conception and has the right to life. An abortion is child killing (infanticide): This like in the ‘in favor’ section depends on what the mother’s belief is, of when the child is alive.If abortions are easily obtained, they maybe used as another form of contraception, encouraging people to have a more lax attitude to sex: Some Christians believe that sex should be saved for marriage. If there is a more lax attitude to sex, people are not treating it with the respect some Christians believe it should have.Many couples would want to adopt an unwanted baby, but the numbers of these have been reduced due to abortion: This point would be countered by a Christian in favor of abortion, ‘As long as there are foster homes, there is an abundance of potential foster children.The woman afterwards may feel guilty and depressed and may become suicidal: A Christian view would be to get the woman to a councilor, to avoid this happening.The operation may lead to sterility, or damage the woman for life: A Christian would argue this point.There would be no need for abortion if there were sufficient provision to help them overcome emotional and financial difficu lty: This point epitomizes what many Christians would like in society. If emotional and financial difficulty were overcome, then many abortions would not take place.(LIFE)The legal positionFor centuries, abortion was not permitted by law except in extreme cases. E.g. the mother’s life at risk. This was changed in 1967 ‘Abortion Act’, and was reviewed in 1990 in the ‘Human Fertilization and Embryology Act’. The law now states that an abortion can be legally performed up to twenty-four weeks if two doctors agree the mother’s health is at risk or if the child will be born abnormal.The Christian positionThe bible doesn’t directly refer to abortion, so Christians have to try to get around the Commandment ‘You shalt not kill’.Roman Catholics believe life starts at conception therefore abortion is completely wrong. Other Christians, Anglicans, and Methodists, who don’t believe life begins until the baby has a chance of surv iving independently of its mother. These Christians believe abortion is an evil to be avoided, unless it meant greater evils were avoided.The organization Christians for free choice believe the matter should be left to a woman’s conscience, which is seen as a guide from God as to what action to take. Continuing pregnancy therefore should not be forced upon a woman.Euthanasia’Whose life is it anyway?’ is a common question when euthanasia (from the Greek happy death) is discussed. At this point people take different sides.Humanists believe that everyone owns their own life; while on the other hand Christians believe they belong to God. However, Christians never fail to stress what belonging (in this sense) means. To them it means similar when talking about belonging to your family. E.g., you don’t make a decision without consulting with them; therefore, Christian’s believe God’s will must be accounted for.The greatest difference between Christ ianity and non-religious viewpoints is how pain is seen. A non-religious person who believes that there is nothing beyond life, a painful death is meaningless. Through Jesus, Christians believe in the cross and thereby believe suffering is a challenge. To Christians ‘If we overcome suffering as part of our commitment to God, we grow as persons’. They see suffering as a positive experience and a means of spiritual growth.Some Christians believe all life is sacred, and believe that God wants people to have quality of life and that all life is sacred.They believe God is love and stopping suffering is a loving thing to do and that The Holy Spirit lives in Christians; Euthanasia destroys God’s temple (Corinthians 3.16-17).Ellen Wilkie, writer and actress, is a good example of a Christian viewpoint on life, ‘Death is not a full stop, it’s a comma. If you look at the whole of life, death is an activity in the middle. It is not the end’. I think this sums up the Christian viewpoint on life, but not on euthanasia as it is hard to tell if she is pro euthanasia or against it.Argument’s for euthanasia:We should be able to choose how we die: Many Christians would sum up both sides of the argument, before coming to an answer. ‘God should choose how everyone dies’, ‘God wants people to have quality of life’.It lessens pain for the patient: The quality of life quote overlaps with this argument, as if there is no quality of life, then there is no reason in living.People should not have to live if there is no chance of getting better: Some Christians would say ‘God should choose how everyone dies’, to this argument.It stops the suffering of relatives watching the patient die a slow and painful death:Arguments against euthanasia:Mistakes can happen.There are painkilling drugs: this is true, but there is no quality of life, while drugged up.The dying patient might not be in the right state of mi nd while choosing to die quickly: This mental based problem is tackled by psychiatrists before euthanasia takes place.Patients could lose faith in doctor’s.Euthanasia is no better than murder: This is a dubious argument, which can be argued considerably by Christians either way.If the patient is unable to choose, then who does: This links in with the dilemma, ‘who switches off the life support machine?’ Again, Christians choices would be split down the middle.The Bible’s/Christian’s viewYou shall not murder; God gave everything life, so life should be treated as a gift from God; God helps no matter what and never gives us more suffering than we can take; Finally, only God can decide what will happen to you, not other people. Abortion and Euthanasia Essay Thank you for reading this Sample!

The nature of God

The nature of God Running Head:  »Ã‚ ¿THE NATURE OF GOD 1 »Ã‚ ¿ THE NATURE OF GOD: 5 »Ã‚ ¿ The nature of GodName:Institution: »Ã‚ ¿ The nature of GodThe factual nature of God (given that He exists as the First Cause) is at all times argued by most Christians. Moreover, numerous questions arise on the nature of God. All human beings will actually die at some point; yet, we consistently decline the reasons within us that glance into the factual result of a person's death. For humankind, it may be far simpler to agree that, they will depart to a "secure home" in Heaven and will be pardoned all their sins by a supreme being. Fortuitously, some people usually query this existence and the development of humankind; in addition to, the spiritual lessons obtained from our mothers and fathers, community and religion. This essay investigates the two logical justifications for and against the nature of God; in accordance to opinions of some exceptional researchers and philosophers.Anselm of Canterbury was the first to attempt an o...Through two classical arguments for God; the ontological argument and the teleological argument, this paper will show that there is no adequate evidence or extensive justifications for the true nature of God.According to the ontological argument, God usually represents one sacred and all-powerful being, the heavenly oneness of greatest truth and spiritual benefits. St. Anselm of Canterbury designed the ontological argument by stating that, even a dupe can comprehend or appreciate the perception of an omnipotent being of which nothing better may be formed (Palmer, 2013). Saint Anselm constantly stated that a dupe articulates the nature of this being only in his brain and thoughts other than in veracity. With declarations such as perfect, all-powerful and supernatural built in this being's definition, it seems impossible to argue against it. Nonetheless, the theists could prove the nature...

Poetry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Poetry - Essay Example â€Å"The Mending Wall† basically tells the story of two men, the narrator and his neighbor, and their annual ritual of walking along the wall between their two properties and mending the stone fence. He starts the poem by indicating how unnatural a wall is in the words â€Å"Something there is that doesn’t love a wall† (1). Within this single sentence, Frost has already managed to establish a rambling rhythm to his poem. The reader is forced to slow down and pay attention to the grammatically correct but unusual phrasing of this statement. As the story continues, this rhythm is punctuated by sudden bursts of energy from the narrator, â€Å"’Stay where you are until our backs are turned!† (19), answered by the steady beat of the neighbor’s response, the repetition of an old adage, â€Å"Good fences make good neighbors† (27). Thus, if rhythm were light, we’d see steady pulses interrupted by sudden flashes of color rebuffed by an equally sudden, light-deadening gray wall. The rhythm of the poem is echoed by the symbolism of the poem. As the narrator tries to determine what it is that doesn’t love fences, he manages to convey the sense that it is something larger or deeper than the superficial elements he is naming: â€Å"The gaps I mean, / No one has seen them made or heard them made, / But at spring mending time we find them there† (9-11). This prompts the reader to begin thinking below the surface early in the poem and, as the narrator continues to discuss the mundane elements of rebuilding a fence that will only be falling down again ‘the moment their backs are turned’, the sense continues to build that the fence is not a physical fence at all, but a fence upon the mind. This is made much clearer by the end of the poem as the narrator, after several attempts at levity, watches his neighbor bringing more rocks

Managing Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Managing Change - Essay Example Lewin’s change model: The model has three stages, these are: Unfreeze, Change and Refreeze. The unfreeze stage involves convincing the organization that the change is necessary. This is done by artificially creating a minor crisis that leads to the required motivation for the change. Change stage owing to the uneasiness faced by the people in the unfreeze stage, the employees start believing and acting in the direction of the change. Some employees take to change quickly where as some people who are genuinely affected by the change take time to adopt the change. In the final stage termed ‘refreeze’, as the change is being accepted, the employees are supported in order to help them to adapt to the change in a better manner. Discuss the external and internal forces that create the need for organizational change There are two types of forces those generate the need for a change in an organization. These are: i) external forces: Industry Standards, Government Regulati ons, Technology trends, Socio-Economical aspects. ii) Internal forces: Strategic decisions, Changes in technology and Employee attitudes etc. External forces are beyond the control of an organization, e.g. personal computers replaced the electronic typewriters, the employees had to be trained on the use of personal computers. Similarly, in the case of internal forces, if the company needs to change its business from services to production then the organization will need employees with different skill sets, hence the change. Kotter's Eight Steps for Leading Organizational Change: Professor John Kotter of Harvard Business School has mentioned Kotter’s eight steps for leading organizational change in his book â€Å"Leading Change†. These eight steps are: 1. Establish the sense of urgency – this sense can be created by very honest and clear discussions depicting the real state of affairs like poor sales figures. If people start talking about it this will lead to mot ivation, hence the sense of urgency for the change will appear. 2. Form a strong coalition: Coalition will not get formed unless the organization identifies few forward looking leaders. After these leaders have been identified, they must be committed. Their weak areas are worked upon to make them better leaders. 3. Create a vision: The vision of the organization needs to be created, this is summarized and familiarized by the leaders. A strategy is then worked out for implementing the vision. 4. Communicate the vision: The vision is discussed and talked about amongst the employees, the idea is to address the queries and anxieties of the workers. All types of changes are linked with the vision. 5. Remove Obstacles: After the system is in place for working out the change, the people who oppose this change need to be identified. The barriers and obstacles are also identified and then the needful is done to remove these issues. 6. Plan and create short term wins: Initially change is impl emented in the projects those are certain. This is done to pose confidence in employees about the change. 7. Consolidate improvements and produce more

Internet safety securityn privacy Essay Example for Free

Internet safety securityn privacy Essay Introduction Microsoft has established partnership with American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) in order to ensure online safety of children. This program provides guidelines for family safety and to protect children from developing psychological disturbances on social issues. AAP has a vast number of pediatricians in U. S. and it has second place as largest physician organization in the world which is promoting health and welfare to all children. Microsoft company which is a giant in computer software predicts that future generation of children required to possess extensive knowledge about Internet whereas, it should be lead by limitations of dos and don’ts on Internet browsing, which if not guided results in adverse impact both for parents and children. In this effort, AAP records a total of 96 million of school-age children per year and apart from promoting health care, AAP would also provide Internet safety measures for children. â€Å"We are pleased to see that the AAP and its members are striving to make Internet safety education a part of routine clinical care for children, (Adrienne Hall, Senior Director of Trustworthy Computing at Microsoft) Microsoft has several guidelines for each age group. Viz. , using family contracts, 10 things to teach kids, computer security tips for students, steps to improve family’web security, minimizing risk from online predators, a bank of tips and tools to help parents and a video to teach kids how to be safe online. In fact there are many points that have to be noticed by children before entering online surfing. First and foremost, parents must be present while children are online and secondly, identify the purpose of surfing such as whether it is for the purpose of education, online games, chatting, shopping or for any other purpose. Thirdly, encourage children to enter through search engines, explaining the importance of finding good sources of information for education purposes, or directly by having an accurate web site address / URL . This enables children to click on a particular link that is required for further information. For instance, children above the age of 6yrs usually are quick to learn about online skills and enjoy playing online games. In such case, parents must take initiative to find a web site which contains free online games which are both educative and entertaining viz. , math games, puzzle games, doll games and many other sport games. Parents must explain that by typing â€Å"online games† in google search engine a plethora of games websites are displayed which are good and entertaining for children. Children are very smart than parents, with the fact that anything explained once is remembered and from the very next minute, children pick up so fast in learning concepts. Therefore, it is the responsibility of parents and teachers to teach online safety measures to children for the health and benefit of children. Step by step guidance is what is required for children instead of blackboard teaching. Teaching through videos, online training are some of the best methods to teach children how important it is to tread safely on Internet. There must be a friendly and warm atmosphere at the time of parents participation with children while teaching internet skills. Many a times, children do not agree or parents disagree with the online surfing. In such instance, rules must be framed as a formal contract that would be signed by both parents and children. In this manner, children would be compelled to listen to what parents teach about online skills. Apart from this open discussion, also brings good results with the fact that, when parents ask questions about Internet surfing, children get encouraged and begin to provide a great amount of information which enables parents to realize whether children are entering any unacceptable web areas or zones. There are quite a danger zones that harm children to the developing personality especially, information on weapons, forbidden web sites for children age and above all harmful images that trigger the emotions of innocent kids. Even chatting rooms have to be checked by parents, with the fact that at times, net friends provide false age and false information whereby children begin to build friendship with the above age group and ultimately fall prey as a victim to the net criminals/hackers. Children are even motivated to disappear from parents and especially in western world, parents suffered a great loss for not being aware of Internet in the primary stage of its launch. With some of these negative effects, Microsoft has even designed a code of conduct that must be signed between parents and children which is reproduced as below: â€Å"Online code-of-Conduct Contract. I will: Talk with my parents to learn the rules for using the Internet, including where I can go, what I can do, when I can go online, and how long I can be online ( ___ minutes or ___ hours). Never give out personal information such as my home address, telephone number, my parents work address or telephone number, credit card numbers, or the name and location of my school without my parents permission. Always tell my parents immediately if I see or receive anything on the Internet that makes me feel uncomfortable or threatened, including e-mail messages, Web sites, or even anything in the regular mail from Internet friends. Never agree to meet anyone in person that I have met online, without my parents permission. Never send pictures of myself or other family members to other people through the Internet or regular mail without first checking with my parents. Never give out my Internet passwords to anyone (even my best friends) other than my parents. Not do anything online that could hurt or anger other people or that is against the law. Never download, install, or copy anything from disks or the Internet without proper permission. Never do anything on the Internet that costs money without first asking permission from my parents. Let my parents know my Internet logon and chat names, listed below: _____________________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________ Name (child) _______________________ Date ____________ Parent or guardian _______________________ Date ____________ Several hours of browsing may also be harmful to the sensitive eyes of children which is why there should be a protective screen on computer monitor, otherwise there is every possibility of backache, development of eyesight, and even dark circles around eyes. It is important to take note here that children should be instructed to blink eyes every second and staring at web sites while playing games or visiting web sites without blinking eyes, causes lot of eye sight problems. Conclusion Internet is truly benefiting to children wherein children are educated at a fast pace as never before through blackboard teaching whereas measures of care would yield good results. Reference Protect your family : Beyond the basics, Prevention guidelines Accessed January 28, 2008 http://www. microsoft. com/protect/family/guidelines/default. mspx.

The Importance Of A Business Strategy

The Importance Of A Business Strategy Travis Bell Deborah Thigpen Why Is Strategy Important To Business? Introduction Vital arranging is necessary to business achievement. It includes vision, mission and outside-of-the-crate considering. Essential arranging is characterized as the arrangement of choices and activities that outcome in the detailing and usage of agreements intended to accomplish an organizations targets. Be that as it may, without knowing where you need to go, making subtle elements on the most proficient method to land at a goal is good for nothing. Key arranging depicts the bearing to where your organization is heading. The Fundamental Parts of the Vital Administration Prepare Functional-level procedures are worried about dealing with the useful zones of the association, for example, item or administration improvement and configuration, advertising and sales, fund, HR, creation, innovative work, and so forth., so that each capacity maintains to specific specialty unit methodologies and the general corporate-level system. Functional procedures are fundamentally worried about these matters: Productively sending authorities inside the functional range. Incorporating exercises inside the utilitarian region. Ensuring that useful procedures connect successfully and proficiently with business techniques and the general corporate-level methodology. Business-level systems are like corporate-techniques in that they concentrate on overall execution. As particular from corporate-level technique, be that as it may, they focus on only one rather than a scope of organizations. The corporate level methodology of a multi-division operation resembles a system for dealing with a speculation portfolio. Specialty units are typically singular venture like substances arranged toward an industry, item or administration sort, and additionally, advertise. Business-level methodologies are in this manner mostly worried about these things: Overseeing unit exercises, so they adjust to hierarchical corporate level techniques, in some cases incorporating collaboration with different specialty groups to accomplish key cooperative energy. Creating capacities, assets, and the upper hand in every unit. Recognizing item or administration showcase openings and creating techniques for prevailing in each. Checking the business condition with the goal that methodologies fit in with the requirements of the firm sectors at the present phase of advancement. Corporate level procedure covers the critical extent of the association all in all. For most associations, the necessary organizational arrangement is the primary key agreement required. Regularly technique at the corporate level is mainly alluded to as a corporate procedure, or in brought together organizations the corporate business system. The method that produces it is called vital corporate arranging, or in some cases primarily corporate arranging. In a couple of circumstances anyway, it might be defended to talk about the business level system to recognize it from different sorts of arranging. The Significance of Having a Business Methodology A business system, in straightforward terms, is an archived anticipate how an association is embarking to accomplish their objectives. A business procedure contains a various key rule that diagrams how an organization will approach achieving these goals. For instance, it will clarify, how to manage your rivals, take a gander at the necessities and desires of clients, and will analyze the long-haul development and supportability of their association. The motivation behind why having a procedure is so vital is because it gives business time to get a feeling of how they are performing, what their capacities are, and if these abilities can help them develop. The Associations Vision, Mission, Reason, Qualities, Objectives, and Theory Even though we habitually discuss mission and vision in the first place, the major primary establishment for both is our center qualities. Center classes are the standards and norms at the extremely focal point of our character, and from which we wont move or stay. Center classes are to a significant degree stable and change just gradually over drawn out stretches of time. Center qualities frame the premise of our convictions about existence, ourselves and people around us, and the human capability of ourselves as well as other people. Conditions and opinions shape our states of mind and guide our conduct. The practices we take part in are what individuals around us see, alongside our abilities and activities. Our external or open shell of practices and attitude can change quickly and drastically through our lives, impacted by our condition and guided by our steadier center qualities and convictions. Vision While a mission is an announcement of what is, a dream is a prediction of what or how you might want things to be. A photo without bounds youre attempting to make, what you need to be the point at which you grow up, what you need your business to turn into. Without a dream of where youre going how might you build up an arrangement to arrive and in what capacity will you know when youve reached? Without a dream of where we might want to be, we can keep climbing different trails through life, climbing mountain after mountain, just to find each time that weve arrived someplace we honestly would prefer not to be. A statement of purpose mirrors the center qualities and convictions of the People who lead the business. To the degree, there are huge contrasts between a ranch reason and an individual mission, or between homestead business qualities and single center qualities, there will be disagreement and grinding for that person inside the firm. Regardless of whether youre a proprietor, a worker or an advisor, one approach to help guarantee satisfaction and satisfaction at work is to be sure your qualities and mission are in arrangement with those of the business. Individuals have been known to end up plainly physically sick from the worry of working in a business where their center qualities were inconsistent with the qualities and morals rehearsed in the firm. The Key Procedure As Contribution For Future Basic Leadership 2 Objectives and targets make the nibble measure pieces, the guide furthermore, sensible venturing stones to accomplish the mission, make the vision a reality, furthermore, explore the course we have set for our business, or for ourselves. The Associations Vision, Mission, Reason, Qualities, Objectives, and Theory To begin with, mission and vision give a vehicle to imparting an associations motivation and qualities to every single key partner. Partners are those key gatherings who have some impact over the association or stake in its future. You will take in more about partners and partner examination later in this section; nonetheless, for the time being, suffice it to state that some key partners are workers, clients, financial specialists, providers, and establishments, for example, governments. Commonly, these announcements would be broadly coursed and talked about frequently so that their importance is comprehended, shared, and disguised. The better workers comprehend an associations motivation, through its main goal and vision, the better capable they will be to comprehend the procedure and its execution. Second, mission and vision make an objective for strategy improvement. That is, one rule of a decent arrangement is how well it helps the firm accomplish its order and vision. To better comprehend the relationship among mission, vision, and technique, it is here and there accommodating to imagine them all in all as a pipe. At the broadest piece of the pipe, you discover the contributions to the statement of purpose. At the smaller piece of the pipe, you find the vision proclamation, which has refined down the mission in a way that it can direct the improvement of the system. In the tightest piece of the pipe, you discover the methodology it is clear and unequivocal about what the firm will do, and not do, to accomplish the vision. Vision explanations additionally give an extension between the mission and the methodology. In that sense the best vision proclamations make pressure and fretfulness about the present state of affairs that is, they ought to cultivate a soul of constant adva ncement and change Conclusion To be compelling objectives and goals must be composed. On the off chance that they arent in composing, theyre only thoughts with no absolute power or conviction behind them. Composed objectives and destinations give the inspiration to accomplish them and can then be utilized as a suggestion to you and others. Plainly and expressly composed, they likewise wipe out disarray and misjudging. In like manner in business, its troublesome or difficult to concede to important or even strategic choices if everybody in the firm proprietors, chiefs, relatives, workers are not all headed in a similar course, at a similar mission and vision. On the off chance that a family, business, or a group doesnt have a typical heading mission, vision and center qualities contentions will happen to encompass about each choice, and assertions might be unthinkable. Creating shared mission, vision and qualities is the initial phase of establishing a framework for settling on important and strategic choices that will advance the business. Having them set up wont dispose of contentions and differences, yet in any event, the contradiction will be about how to best get to a similar endpoint rather than heading in inverse bearings. References Why Business Strategy Is Important? Evolve. evolve. N.p., 2017. Web. 25 Mar. 2017. Corporate Level Strategy Guides The Organization As A Whole. Simply-strategic-planning.com. N.p., 2017. Web. 26 Mar. 2017. Principles Of Management 1.0 | Flatworld. FlatWorld. N.p., 2017. Web. 27 Mar. 2017.

Did Charlemagne deserve the title “Great”? Essay

A great ruler is a different concept for different people. It can include great skill in battle, or great administration strategy. www.dictionary.com Explains Great as:1.Powerful; influential: one of the great nations of the West. 2.Eminent; distinguished: a great leader. 3.Grand; aristocratic. Charlemagne was a ruler who ruled over the Frankish Empire in the middle-dark ages. Many historians regard him as great, for he did many things for the Christian Religion. We do not specifically know when Charlemagne was called great. Charlemagne was an accomplished conqueror and good with bribes. In one sense, Charlemagne did more than just restore the empire. He added to it which Roman arms never reached (64, The Times: Illustrated History of Medieval Europe, Felipe Fernandez-Armando). From this source, we can tell that Charlemagne was an accomplished conqueror, which could be considered as great. Charlemagne conquered many new lands, and he took over Saxony, a huge piece of land, with tough, strong people. This would make Charlemagnes court admire him, for the far-reaches of his empire would bring them riches and wealth. He could then use this new-found wealth to shower the Catholic Church with money and riches. Einhard wrote: He provided [it] with a great number of vessels of gold and silver. It seems (for we do not know for certain when this title was given) as though the title great was given by the Catholic Church for they admired Charlemagne as he had helped defend and spread Christianity. This would lead the Catholic Church to think that he was great. Charlemagne tried to revive the old Roman ways of Law, standardization, learning and hygiene. Charlemagne was also the creator of the Carolingian Renaissance. He revitalised learning in the courts, took interest in books and made sure that all the books of earlier generations were kept for the future. This would give the scholars a reason to call Charlemagne great, for  he had revived learning from a period of Darkness where learning was forgotten and thrown away. Charlemagnes rule marked the end of the Dark ages, and the middle ages had begun. With this, Charlemagne also standardised currency using silver, while earlier there were many different types making the country run amok in confusion. He could have been called great from historians later on, who would consider this a great feat. Charlemagne could be a cruel and harsh ruler. He had many Saxons massacred in his campaign for Saxony, and he did not see it as either cruel or harsh. The Catholic Church approved of this, for the massacred Saxons were not Christian, and the Catholic Church had been earlier bribed. This was not a great thing from Charlemagne, in the Saxons eyes, for it was an unnecessary and costly move to massacre them. In summary, Charlemagne did deserve the title great, for he revived (to an extent) learning, standardization and law. He had also conquered many different lands for the Frankish empire. To many people, Charlemagne was a bad ruler, but even though he had been cruel and harsh, his good achievements overshadow his cruel times. Therefore, Charlemagne deserved the title great. Bibliography McGrath, F. (n.d.). The Longevity of The Saxon Wars [Adobe PDF]. RetrievedNovember 18, 2008, from http://www.leeds.ac.uk/history/studentlife/e-journal/McGrath.pdfReference Source Armesto, F. F. (Ed.). (n.d.). Illustrated History of Europe. Times Books. great. (n.d.). Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1). Retrieved November 17, 2008, from Dictionary.com website: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/greatFearns, J. (2008, November 17). Year 8 History. Lecture presented at ChineseInternational School, 2406. Economic and Legal Reforms. (2008, November 2). Carolingian Renaissance. Retrieved November 17, 2008, from Wikipedia Web site:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolingian_RenaissanceMacMullen, R. (1997). Christianity and Paganism in the Fourth to EighthCenturies. Yale University Press. (Original work published 1997)

Functional Area Plan: Human Resources Essay

MegaJava Corporation is a medium-sized manufacturing company with 250 employees. It directly markets one product: a unique coffee cup with a patented ball bearing sliding mechanism. Nathan Jr. and a group of 10 other executives run the company. MegaJava Corporation has received a large sum of money from a venture capitalist. The venture capitalist and Nathan Jr. are predicting 100 percent growth in five years. To achieve that growth, productivity will need to increase at a similar rate. Therefore, this proposal provides a suggested business model update. Further, the functional areas updates are indicated to assist the business model to predict, plan, and implement future growth and profits. MegaJava will need to have a strong and aggressive approach when it comes to Human Resources. Like all companies the employees are the backbone and driving focus to the company’s success. Defined in A Guide for Strengthening HRM Systems (2005) as the use of procedures, policies, and practices to recruit, maintain, and develop employees in order for the organization to meet its desired goals; Human Resources is the backbone of the MegaJava Corporation. The company will also need to budget for the existing positions as well projected positions and workload requirements. The Human Resources department at MegaJava will focus on staffing, profitability, improvement strategies, performance evaluations, and employee relations litigations amongst other things. The challenges MegaJava faces in the future with the current 250 employees and growing will be retention, development and work-life balance. â€Å"The top three in the U.S. were managing talent, improving leadership and managing demographics† Goldsmith, M. (2008). Managing Workforce Flow and Developing Human Capital is two areas that continue to be ongoing issues within the HR field. MegaJava will comply with all Federal, State and Local laws dealing with discrimination based on race, color, gender, religion and handicap. All applicants will be judged on case by case basis and will not be denied a job if they are capable of completing the task regardless of any physical or mental handicaps and in cases where MegaJava will need to give special accommodations within federal guidelines. Compile too all privacy laws dealing with an applicant’s right to privacy and all employees handling personal records and information have to maintain a level of confidentiality. MegaJava will follow all IRS and Immigration laws for all employees and contractors. Benefits are important to all employees sometimes more than. MegaJava will have a benefits package that includes health and dental insurance, retirement plans, life insurance, disability and vacation. Full-Time employees will be offered some mandatory benefits. The company will be required legally to have unemployment and worker’s compensation for all employees because it is federally mandatory. Along with compensation MegaJava will implement programs that will serve as tools to drive productivity and performance while reducing risk within the organization. Recognition programs will boost morale while empowering employees. The site GreatBizTools listed that only 25% of employees work at their full capacity and 50% give the bare minimum. GreatBuzTools. (NA). Future Growth As the demands of the business increase, the company must have sufficient managers to create a workload planner, delegate tasks and supervise employees. MegaJava will comply with all Federal, State and Local laws dealing with discrimination based on al race, color, gender, religion and handicap. The company will maintain high ethical standards of confidentiality when dealing with an applicant’s privacy and all employees handling personal records; complying with all IRS, Immigration & Disability laws for all employees and contractors. MegaJava is predicting to hire an additional 250 employees over the next 5 years. The estimated payroll for the hiring will be over 2.3 million dollars. â€Å"A growing, entrepreneurial company, with variable sales and income, may be better off controlling the levels of base salaries† Heathfield, S. The recommendation will be to hire an estimated 50 employees annually. Reducing the number of management hired every year will give the company the opportunity to develop and promote current employees to the next level. Development is a great recognition tool for any company because most employees will like to feel they are growing along with the success of their company. Defining Roles: Positions and Responsibilities Hourly positions that can be beneficial to the HR team would be an Administrative Assistant which would require 1 to 5 years’ experience, high school diploma or equivalent and a starting salary of 47k annually. The Administrative Assistant will be coordinate support for the organization. Duties for this position includes record keeping, answering the phones, mail distribution, submit work orders and track employee attendance. The employee within this position can be developed and promoted into the HR Specialist and/or Customer Service Representative position  Human Resources Specialist and Human Resources Manager are important position to the recruiting and retaining of employees. Qualifications for a strong HR Specialist and Manager would be 1 to 5 years’ experience directly in the recruiting field, minimum of a Bachelor’s degree and has a starting salary of 52k annually for a HR Specialist and 99k annually for a HR Manager. Both positions recruit, interview, and hire applicants, however the HR Manager focuses more on strategic planning and performance management. Candidates within this role can transition into a Benefits Coordinator or Benefits Manager position. Bureau of Labor Statistics, (2012)  The Compensation and Benefits department is responsible for planning and coordinating how and how much the company pays and the benefits available to the employees. Working within this department employees are required to monitor market conditions while staying updated and within compliance of local, state and federal law with wages and benefits. The department maintains that operations of the business stays within the budget created at the beginning of the fiscal year. Other advancements for employees within this position would be Accounting & Finance.

Essay Sample on NASA Core Issues with Alternative Solutions

Essay Sample on NASA Core Issues with Alternative Solutions The NASA Space Shuttle Disaster The purpose of this paper is to discuss the core organizational problems that led to the crash of the Space Shuttle Challenger in 1986, recommend alternative solutions that could have been used to possibly prevent the crash, and develop a retrospective action plan for the recommended solution. The paper will also discuss how NASA could evaluate the effectiveness of the recommended solution. Core Issues: The crash of the Challenger was a stark reminder that despite all the technological advances we have witnessed over the past century, the human element can not be ignored. Although the crash of the Challenger was technically due to mechanical failure caused by both miscalculated O-ring tolerances and subnormal Florida temperatures, the crash was actually the unnecessary result of several organizational issues within NASA. In fact, the shuttle program itself was on a collision course long before the Challenger lifted off due to an organizational structure that failed to keep pace with NASA’s unclear and ever-changing mission. This ultimately led to a flaw in NASA’s group decision-making process. The mission of NASA’s space program had evolved dramatically from the time it was established in 1958 to the Apollo 11 moon landing in 1969 and the Challenger’s crash in 1986. The Agency’s mission was initially scientifically motivated to demonstrate the United States’ technological superiority over the Soviets by putting a man on the moon at all costs. Once the space race was won, however, NASA’s primary mission was transformed to military, commercial and scientific purposes in a number of political compromises. The shuttle program’s budget was substantially reduced and the program was mandated to pay for itself by transforming the shuttle from an RD oriented space agency to a commercial freight operation. As a result, NASA increasingly had to serve the needs of the private industry to maintain funding. Fourteen years of development and over 30 billion dollars invested produced only 25 flights between 1981 and 1986 whereas financial sponsors were promised 30-60 profit-generating flights annually. As a result, some senior managers were under considerable pressure to keep scheduled flights active by disregarding risk warnings. Conflicts of interest caused by political or economic considerations overruled logical or scientific safety considerations and prevented flight safety concerns from being properly communicated to all decision makers. For example, NASA’s top management either was unaware of the â€Å"no-go† recommendation made by engineers and other managers (ie. Kilminster). According to the article â€Å"Surprising but true: Half the decisions in organizations fail†, by Paul Nutt, decision failures can often be traced to managers who impose solutions, limit the search for alternatives and use power to implement their plans. This was clearly the situation at NASA. For example, the management team at the Marshall Center did not accept the Thiokel engineer’s doubts about the O-ring and forced the group to make a yes or no decision on the launch. When the Director of Solid Rocket (MacDonald) strongly argued for a launch delay, Reinhartz and Mulloy at the Marshall Center told him it’s not his decision to make. Finally, Reinhartz stated he would pass on MacDonald’s concerns, but he never did. There clearly existed a conflict of interest between those who were genuinely concerned for the flight’s safety and those who were willing to take a risk because they felt pressured to stay on schedule and deliver results. NASA had developed a â€Å"Japanese† style of management where disagreements bubbled up the hierarchy until someone resolved them. Decisions were being made further and further away from the engineering levels where they were directly impacted. Finally, budget constraints forced many NASA employees to heavy work loads with long hours that increased the likelihood of human error. Alternative Solutions: 1. The quasi ownership / stakeholder structure creates conflicts of interest between political and private industry. Either privatize the space program or maintain it as a fully funded government agency. 2. Develop a clear mission statement to provide a foundation for organization’s values, goals and objectives. 3. Re-establish a clear and concise group decision-making protocol for all non-programmed decisions that require a unique solution and considerable judgement. The protocol should include a formal group decision-making map and communication process. Additionally, senior management should foster an environment where safety is the #1 priority. Employees should be encouraged to do the right things and to communicate their concerns and/or recommendations so that a fully informed decision can be reached. 4. Establish an on-line workflow program (akin to an on-line chat room) that ensures good communication and allows all people to voice their opinions before moving on to the next step. The communication would essentially be an on-line checklist which would give all players the opportunity to voice their opinion before moving on to the next step. As a final back stop, a whistleblower program could be established with reporting to an impartial party. Decision Criteria: The criteria used to evaluate the effectiveness of each alternative and recommendation include the following: 1. The solution must be realistically attainable/feasible 2. The solution must be cost-effective 3. The solution must resolve the specified problem 4. Positive and negative ramifications of the decision must also be considered. Recommended Solution Action Plan: The first step should be for senior management to establish a well-defined and formal mission statement for the program. Like any other business, NASA should identify where it stands today and create a well-articulated mission of where it wants to go in the future. Once its mission has been clearly defined, management should meet to discuss, update and develop standard operating procedures for the new organization. An autonomous decision making process should be maintained whereby every core process owner has a vote to cancel the launch or at least publicly state their opinions in a non-threatening environment. Although resource allocations are a major issue at NASA, human lives are at stake and NASA is a highly technological organization. Overtime work should be managed by hiring additional qualified employees as required. NASA’s decisions should follow a rational rather than political model of decision making in order to ensure the decisions are logical and the analysis is thorough and objective. Although NASA’s concept of group decision making is a good one, they did not execute the methodology. They abandoned the group decision model when they chose to ignore recommendations to cancel the flight due to outside pressures. A new decision protocol should be established for all non-programmed decisions that require a unique solution and considerable judgement. The shuttle program would be unlikely to survive as a fully private business due to its inherently poor economic model which requires continual government funding. As a result, the privatization of the program is not fin ancially viable and should not be considered. Finally, the agency should establish an anonymous reporting system (ie. whistleblower) that is accessible by an objective and non-decision making compliance officer to prevent integrity violations. Evaluating Effectiveness: The most logical method to evaluate the effectiveness of the recommended actions is to ensure the same tragedy does not occur again by encouraging open and candid communication. The processes in place should be reviewed frequently by leaders from each of the centers and other critical areas to ensure they are working as intended. Conclusion: The factors that lead to the Challenger tragedy can be traced back to the inception of the shuttle program. A clear, objective, and well-defined decision making process is critical to any business to help ensure all stakeholders have common goals and a voice in the matter. Sadly, it took the crash of the Challenger to awaken the public’s interest, to not take for granted the routine nature of the flights, and reinvigorate the program. You can order a custom essay, term paper, research paper, thesis or dissertation on NASA topics at our professional custom essay writing service which provides students with custom papers written by highly qualified academic writers. High quality and no plagiarism guarantee! Get professional essay writing help at an affordable cost.

Hobbes vs Locke on Natural Rig essays

Hobbes vs Locke on Natural Rig essays Thomas Hobbes, author of Leviathan, claims that peace and unity can best be achieved by setting up a society by having humans agree to a covenant (Hobbes: Ch.18 pg.548). A sovereign who is in charge of protecting the society or state rules Hobbess society. In his introduction, Hobbes describes this commonwealth as an "artificial person" and as a body politic that mimics the human body. Hobbes portrays the state as a gigantic human form built out of the bodies of its members, the sovereign as its head (Hobbes: Introduction pg.492). Hobbes calls this figure the "Leviathan," which means "sea monster" in Hebrew and is the name of a monstrous sea creature appearing in the Bible. Hobbes tries to prove that a sovereign is necessary for preserving peace. John Locke, author of Second Treatise of Government, places sovereignty into the hands of the people. Locke claims that people are equal and has natural rights in a state of nature where they are free from outside rule. In the state of nature, people have the right to judge someone and execute the law against someone who violates their rights. People take what they need from the earth but usually take more than they need. Then they develop a common currency in order to trade their extra goods. Hobbes claims that everyone is equal (Hobbes: Ch.13 pg. 531), everyone should fight for self-preservation (Hobbes: Ch.14 pg. 533), and everyone has to give up some rights to be able to enter a society (Hobbes: Ch.17 pg.547-548). Locke claims that everyone is equal (Locke: Ch.2 4 pg.626), everyone has the right to self-preservation, everyone has the right to punish (Locke: Ch.2 8 pg.627), and everyone has to make a contract or promise before entering a society (Locke: Ch.8 95 pg. 650). Hobbes claims that freedom is the lack of impediments . There are two types of freedom: positive and negative. Positive freedom is the ability to do what you want to do and what you should do w...

India and the big Retailers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

India and the big Retailers - Essay Example Introduction: After the agricultural industry, retailing is the largest private and employing industry in India. This sector has a major contribution in India’s economy that is 10% of GDP and 6-7% of employment is derived from this sector. Much reorganization is seen in this sector in the past decade from small unorganized family owned retailers developed to organized retailing mainly by liberalization of the economy, expansion in consumerism, investment in retail infrastructure, entrance of many foreign retailers through cash and carry, franchising, local manufacturing, test marketing etc. India has been seen as a very attractive destination for the flow of FDIs and many foreign companies are willing to benefit from the advantages India has to offer. (MUKHERJEE & PATEL. 2005) On the other hand, resistance and protest against the entrance of the FDIs in retailing in India have been seen by the local trading associations and other stakeholders. Due to entrance of foreign compet ition in the retail market local trade is affected too and it has an effect on the employment, prices, technology, and efficiencies etc in Indian economy and market which have been the topic of debate recently. (MUKHERJEE & PATEL. 2005; GURUSWAM, SHARMA, MOHANTY, & KORAH. ... These super markets are usually situated main markets, malls and localities and due to economies of scale achieved in the purchasing and logistics, they offer highly competitive prices to the customers. The key local players in this segment in India are Nilgiris, FoodWorld, Big Baazar, and Subhiksha, these are comparatively smaller in sizes as compared to international super markets covering around an area of 3,000 to 4,000 sq. feet which is not even the half of what international super markets offer. (MUKHERJEE & PATEL. 2005; HOLLENSEN. 2011) Most of the retail stores internationally have reached at saturation points which has made them look towards the emerging markets like India, many of them has entered and many plans the expansion. Though after liberalization it isn’t easy for the international chains to enter Indian economy because foreign retailers are restricted to open single brand store with 51% ownership and to operate as a wholesaler they have to operate as 100%. T he first one to enter Indian market was Metro Group of Germany which established with a cash and carry format in 2003. Other big names Wal-Mart of USA and Tesco from UK also followed with their wholesale retail division. Apart from these giant wholesale retail companies other big names in retail like Nike, ZARA and Adidas established themselves in the Indian market. (MORSCHETT ET AL.2011; PLUNKETT.2008) Growth in the Retail Industry: In the past few years immense growth is seen in the retail sector due to liberalization in the 1990s when reduction in custom duties and a shift from quota to tariff based system. Due to the removal of barriers for entrance in the market, many multinationals entered India. Because of the increase in

Pinterest Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pinterest - Research Paper Example Pinterest Community is an archive site that articulates different forms of communication given the fact that the community takes into account the aspect of technology at hand. These forms of communication include; Email has turned into a standard manifestation of business correspondence, particularly for short messages that oblige movement. This sort of engineering based correspondence permits you to deal with a ton of clients, and also accomplices and different stakeholders without long discussions. Advanced programming of Pinterest permits one to send the same email to all invested individuals with the goal that you can keep the message, name, and items in the front line of their brains. Messaging has turned into the most individual manifestation of business correspondence the extent that Pinterest Community and their movement is considered. While you may give your email location to numerous individuals, your particular content number is saved for a couple of close cohorts. Your correspondences by content have a tendency to be more critical than email. In the event that Pinterest business is moving excessively gradually, this has been considered a channel to analyze whether there is message exploitation. Interpersonal organization destinations, for example, Facebook and Myspace has been a vital apparatus to contact of different society through offering of thoughts the extent that Pinterest group is of concern. The group has changed in accordance with these types of correspondence style to a more casual methodology. Rather than deals pitches, spot messages on these locales that sound like you have a great arrangement for your companions. The statement "website" is another way to say "web log." Amateurs frequently compose these destinations, however getting a blogger to survey an item or administration might be a great approach to spread the saying about your little